The main types of solar mounting structures include rooftop mounts, ground-mounted systems, solar carports and canopies, and tracking systems. Each comes with its own design, cost, and ideal use case—making the right choice critical to the success of your solar project.

But selecting a mounting structure isn’t just about hardware. As solar adoption accelerates—global PV capacity is expected to reach over 1,600 GW by 2028 (IEA)—the structure beneath your panels is becoming a strategic factor. The wrong frame can limit energy yield, increase maintenance, or shorten the system’s lifespan.

That’s where we come in. At SteelPRO PEB, we bring over 20 years of industry expertise to the design and manufacturing of solar mounting structures—from rooftop frames and ground systems to carports, canopies, and custom steel solutions. All our structures are fully customizable to match your project’s scale, terrain, and mounting method—from high-wind coastal zones to desert utility projects and even floating or off-grid environments—ensuring long-term strength, precision, and peace of mind.

In the following sections, we’ll break down each type of mounting structure—how it works, where it fits best, and what to consider when making a choice.

What Are the Main Types of Solar Mounting Structures?

When you’re planning a solar project, one of the first things to decide is: How will you mount the solar panels? The mounting structure you choose affects not just the installation, but also the system’s performance, durability, and cost.

Most solar panel systems fall into a few main types based on how and where they are installed:

• Roof-Mounted Structures are fixed directly on top of a building. These are common in both residential and commercial projects, especially where ground space is limited.
• Ground-Mounted Structures are installed on open land. These allow for larger systems and more flexible panel positioning.
• Solar Carports and Canopies are elevated structures that combine energy generation with functional use—like providing shade for parked vehicles or open areas.
• Tracking Systems are more advanced setups. They follow the sun’s movement to increase energy generation but are more complex and costly.

Each of these has its own pros, limitations, and ideal use cases. In the sections that follow, we’ll break them down so you can better understand which one fits your project.

How Do Roof-Mounted Structures Work?

Roof-mounted solar panel structures are one of the most widely used mounting solutions today. If your building has enough open roof space with good sunlight exposure, this option is often the most practical.

There are a few different types of rooftop solar mounting systems, depending on the roof type:

• For flat concrete roofs, a reinforced frame (often made of hot-dip galvanized steel or aluminum) is used. The panels are installed at a fixed tilt angle to capture optimal sunlight. These are commonly seen in residential buildings, offices, and institutions.
• On metal shed roofs, which are common in factories and warehouses, mounting structures are typically attached using clamps or self-drilling screws. These systems are lighter and easier to install but must be carefully designed to avoid heat buildup under the panels.
• Sloped or tiled roofs use specialized mounting kits that include hooks or rails. These are more common in residential homes and require less structural work, but panel positioning is limited by the roof’s angle and orientation.

The biggest advantage of rooftop systems is space efficiency—you don’t need extra land. Plus, the wiring between the panels and the inverter is shorter, which helps reduce energy loss.

But they also come with limitations. Roof-mounted installations often require roof penetration, which means waterproofing becomes critical. Shading from nearby trees or buildings can also reduce generation. And once installed, it may be hard to expand the system if your energy needs grow.

✅ Pros:

• Space-efficient (no extra land needed)
• Shorter wiring distance, reducing energy loss
• Cost-effective for homes and businesses

❌ Cons:

• Roof penetration may require extra waterproofing
• Limited expansion if energy demand increases
• Shading from nearby objects can reduce efficiency

If your roof is shadow-free, structurally sound, and has enough surface area, a rooftop solar installation can be a cost-effective and reliable choice.

Are Ground-Mounted Structures a Better Option?

If your roof isn’t suitable for solar panels—maybe it’s too small, shaded, or structurally weak—a ground-mounted solar system can be a great alternative.

Ground-mounted solar panel structures are installed directly on open land. They use steel or aluminum frames anchored into the ground using concrete foundations, screw piles, or ballast systems. These setups offer more flexibility in terms of panel orientation, tilt angle, and spacing, which can lead to better energy production.

This type of solar mounting is often used in large-scale or commercial solar farms, but it can also work well for residential properties with enough backyard or unused land. Unlike rooftop systems, ground-mounted arrays stay cooler thanks to better air circulation, which helps maintain efficiency.

You can also easily integrate solar tracking systems with ground mounts, making it easier to upgrade in the future for even higher output.

✅ Pros:

• More efficient cooling and energy generation
• Flexible orientation and tilt
• Easy to scale and upgrade

❌ Cons:

• Requires shadow-free open land
• Higher installation costs
• Needs protection against theft or vandalism

Ground-mounted systems are a good choice when land is available and energy needs are high. They’re especially suited for factories, farms, schools, or institutions that want larger installations without altering their roofs.

Why Choose Solar Carports and Canopies?

When rooftop or open land isn’t ideal, solar carport structures and canopy systems offer a smart alternative. These are elevated solar mounting systems built over parking areas, walkways, courtyards, or open public spaces.

Unlike traditional ground mounts, carports and canopies serve a dual purpose: they generate solar power while also providing shade or shelter underneath. This makes them especially valuable in commercial and institutional settings where space is limited but energy demand is high.

Most solar canopy mounting systems use steel structures to support rows of panels at a fixed tilt. The height can be adjusted to allow vehicle clearance or pedestrian flow. Many modern designs also integrate lighting, drainage, and even EV charging points.

For businesses, this kind of system turns underused outdoor space into a clean energy asset—without affecting the building’s structure or operations.

✅ Pros:

• Dual function: energy + shade/shelter
• Makes use of underutilized space
• No structural impact on buildings

❌ Cons:

• Higher cost than basic rooftop systems
• Requires open, shadow-free space
• Design and permitting can be more complex

If your site has parking lots or open areas with good sun exposure, a solar carport or canopy can be an efficient and visually appealing solution—especially when rooftop or ground space is limited.

Related Reading:
What Is a Solar Canopy? Everything You Need to Know

How Do Solar Tracking Systems Work and When Are They Worth It?

Most solar panel systems are fixed in one position, but solar tracking systems can move—following the sun’s path across the sky to capture more sunlight throughout the day.

There are two main types:

• Single-axis solar trackers rotate from east to west, adjusting the panel angle as the sun moves across the horizon.
• Dual-axis trackers move in two directions—both east–west and up–down—allowing them to follow the sun more precisely, even across seasons.

Tracking systems are most commonly used in ground-mounted solar installations, especially in utility-scale or large commercial projects where land is available and energy output is a priority.

While solar panel trackers can increase generation by 15–30% (or more with dual-axis), they come with trade-offs. The systems are more complex, require regular maintenance, and have higher upfront costs. For small or shaded sites, fixed-tilt systems may be more practical.

✅ Pros:

• Increases energy output significantly
• Maximizes use of available sunlight
• Especially effective in open, high-radiation areas

❌ Cons:

• Higher initial cost
• More moving parts = more maintenance
• Not ideal for small or rooftop installations

If your site has ample land, consistent sun exposure, and you’re aiming for maximum efficiency, investing in a solar tracking system can deliver long-term performance gains—especially in regions with high solar irradiance.

Key Factors to Consider When Choosing a Solar Mounting Structure

There’s no single “best” solar mounting structure—it all depends on your project’s specific conditions. Before making a decision, consider the following:

1. Available Space

Start by looking at what kind of space you have:

• Is your roof strong, spacious, and shadow-free? If yes, a rooftop system might be the most efficient and cost-effective.
• Do you have unused open land? That opens up options like ground mounts or tracking systems.
• Have a parking area or open courtyard? A solar carport or canopy can help you make better use of it.

The type and quality of your space will narrow down your options quickly.

2. Energy Needs and System Size

Larger systems usually require more flexibility:

• Ground-mounted structures are easier to scale.
• Rooftop systems are more limited by surface area and layout.
• If you expect your energy demand to grow over time, choose a structure that can be easily expanded.

Always match your mounting choice to both your current and future system capacity.

3. Budget and Cost Constraints

Your budget will play a major role:

• Fixed-tilt roof and ground mounts are typically the most affordable.
• Solar carports and tracking systems involve higher upfront investment, but may offer better long-term returns.

Consider both the installation cost and the expected energy yield.

4. Structural and Site Conditions

Think beyond just available space:

• Can your roof handle the weight and wind load of solar panels?
• Is the ground level and stable enough for foundations or screw piles?
• Do local regulations allow certain types of structures?

A proper site assessment for solar installation helps avoid surprises later.

5. Maintenance and Access

Will you need to clean the panels often? Replace inverters or check wiring?

• Ground mounts and carports are easier to access.
• Rooftop systems can be harder to maintain, especially on high or sloped roofs.
• Trackers need regular inspection and care due to their moving parts.

Choose a system that aligns with how hands-on (or hands-off) you want to be.

6. Aesthetic or Functional Priorities

If visual impact matters—say, for a hotel, campus, or public space—solar canopies can offer both clean energy and design appeal.

If functionality is your goal, like shading cars or walkways, dual-use structures make the most sense.

Before locking in your mounting solution, take time to evaluate these factors. The right structure balances performance, cost, and practicality—and supports your long-term energy goals.

Important Engineering and Material Considerations

The strength and durability of your solar mounting structure don’t just come from its design—they depend heavily on the materials used and how well the system is engineered for your site conditions.

Here are the key things to understand:

Steel vs. Aluminum: Which Is Better?

These are the two most common materials used for solar panel mounting structures.

• Steel (usually hot-dip galvanized) is stronger and more cost-effective for large-span or heavy-load installations. It’s ideal for carports, industrial rooftops, and ground-mounted systems that face strong winds.
• Aluminum is lighter and more corrosion-resistant, which makes it popular for smaller rooftop systems, especially in coastal or high-humidity regions. It’s also easier to handle during installation.

If your site faces high wind pressure or needs structural stability over a wide span, steel is typically the better choice. But if you’re aiming for fast, lightweight installation with minimal corrosion concerns, aluminum may offer advantages.

Wind Load and Snow Load Design

Your mounting structure must be designed to withstand local weather conditions—especially in areas prone to high winds, storms, or heavy snowfall.

• Wind load calculations determine the required strength and anchoring of the structure.
• In snow-prone areas, the frame must support additional weight and allow for proper drainage or sliding.

Poor load design can lead to performance loss—or worse, structural failure. Always ask whether the system complies with local building codes and includes proper structural calculations.

Mounting Angle, Spacing, and Heat Management

Engineering isn’t just about strength—it’s also about efficiency.

• The tilt angle affects how much sunlight your panels receive.
• Row spacing impacts whether panels shade each other at certain times of day.
• On metal roofs or tightly packed arrays, ventilation gaps are critical to avoid overheating, which reduces panel performance.

A well-designed mounting layout considers both structural safety and solar generation optimization.

Corrosion Protection and Material Coating

Over time, exposure to moisture, salt, and air pollution can degrade materials.

• Hot-dip galvanization (for steel) and anodization (for aluminum) are common protective treatments.
• For long-term projects (20–25 years), coating thickness and quality make a real difference.

Ask your supplier about coating standards, testing, and certifications. Shortcuts here can lead to expensive repairs or early failure.

Why Engineering Matters

A solar structure may look simple—but it carries dynamic loads, resists extreme weather, and must stay stable for decades. Investing in proper materials and engineering design ensures that your solar system stays efficient, safe, and low-maintenance in the long run.

Conclusion: Choosing the Right Mounting Structure Starts with the Right Perspective

There’s no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to solar mounting structures. Each system—whether rooftop, ground-mounted, carport, or tracking-based—has its own strengths, limitations, and ideal use scenarios. The right choice depends on your available space, energy goals, budget, and long-term plans.

Understanding the structure is not just about “how to hold the panels.” It’s about safety, efficiency, and whether your investment will stand strong for 25+ years. Engineering quality, material selection, and site adaptation all matter more than they might first appear.

Looking Ahead: Smarter, Integrated Solar Structures

As solar adoption grows, we’re seeing a shift from simple support frames to multi-functional, customized structures—solar canopies with EV charging, dual-purpose agricultural setups, and even floating solar systems.

The future belongs to solar structures that are stronger, smarter, and more adaptable, blending clean energy with practical space usage and structural aesthetics.

Let’s Build It Right—From Design to Delivery

Ready to plan your project? Let us support you with what matters most:

√ Free 2D/3D design service using industry-grade software like AutoCAD, Tekla, and 3D3S
√ In-house steel manufacturing with full-process visibility—from raw material to final beam
√ Advanced equipment: laser cutting, robotic welding, CNC bending, and more
√ Protected delivery, optimized for long-distance transport
√ Step-by-step installation support: manuals, videos, remote calls, or on-site guidance

Contact us now to get your custom solar mounting solution—stronger, faster, smarter.